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1 эластичность спроса по цене
Эластичность спроса по цене позволяет измерить реакцию объема спроса на изменение цены. — The price elasticity of demand measures the response of quantity demanded to a change in price.
эластичность спроса, собственная — own elasticity of demand
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > эластичность спроса по цене
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2 безвозвратные потери
Безвозвратные потери являются лишь одним из пагубных последствий монополии, например связанных с поиском ренты. — The dead-weight loss is only one of the harmful effects of monopoly, such as those associated with rent seeking.
потери в благосостоянии, безвозвратные — deadweight welfare loss
Конечно, безвозвратные потери в благосостоянии представляют только то, что может быть выиграно от перехода от монопольной ситуации к идеальной. — Of course, the dead-weight welfare loss represents only what can be gained from moving from a monopoly situation to an ideal situation.
Чтобы измерить потери в общественном благосостоянии, сравним значение общего излишка при монопольной цене с его же значением при конкурентной (равной предельным затратам) цене. — To measure the loss of social welfare, we compare the total surplus at the monopoly price with that at the competitive (marginal-cost) price.
Потери в благосостоянии необязательно снижаются по мере снижения эластичности спроса даже при снижении относительной наценки. — The welfare loss does not necessarily decrease with the elasticity of demand, even though the relative markup does.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > безвозвратные потери
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3 монопольная ситуация
Монопольные ситуации, когда наблюдаются сильные ценовые искажения, соответствуют ситуациям с низкой эластичностью спроса, так что потребители в ответ на рост цены единицы товара лишь незначительно сокращают объем спроса. — The monopoly situations for which we observe strong price distortions correspond to those in which demand elasticity is low, so that the consumers decrease their quantity demanded only slightly in response to a unit price increase.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > монопольная ситуация
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4 действовать в области цен
Монополия всегда действует в такой области цен, что эластичность спроса больше 1. В тех случаях, когда эластичность меньше 1, выручка монополиста, а тем более, и его прибыль являются убывающими по количеству (т.е. возрастающими по цене). — A monopoly always operates in a price region such that the elasticity of demand exceeds 1. Where the elasticity is lower than 1, the monopolist's revenue - and, a fortiori, his profit - are decreasing in quantity (i.e., increasing in price).
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > действовать в области цен
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